Net

Added in: v0.10.0

源代码: lib/net.js

The node:net module provides an asynchronous network API for creating stream-based TCP or IPC servers (net.createServer()) and clients (net.createConnection()).

It can be accessed using:

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IPC support

The node:net module supports IPC with named pipes on Windows, and Unix domain sockets on other operating systems.

Identifying paths for IPC connections

net.connect(), net.createConnection(), server.listen(), and socket.connect() take a path parameter to identify IPC endpoints.

On Unix, the local domain is also known as the Unix domain. The path is a filesystem pathname. It gets truncated to an OS-dependent length of sizeof(sockaddr_un.sun_path) - 1. Typical values are 107 bytes on Linux and 103 bytes on macOS. If a Node.js API abstraction creates the Unix domain socket, it will unlink the Unix domain socket as well. For example, net.createServer() may create a Unix domain socket and server.close() will unlink it. But if a user creates the Unix domain socket outside of these abstractions, the user will need to remove it. The same applies when a Node.js API creates a Unix domain socket but the program then crashes. In short, a Unix domain socket will be visible in the filesystem and will persist until unlinked.

On Windows, the local domain is implemented using a named pipe. The path must refer to an entry in \\?\pipe\ or \\.\pipe\. Any characters are permitted, but the latter may do some processing of pipe names, such as resolving .. sequences. Despite how it might look, the pipe namespace is flat. Pipes will not persist. They are removed when the last reference to them is closed. Unlike Unix domain sockets, Windows will close and remove the pipe when the owning process exits.

JavaScript string escaping requires paths to be specified with extra backslash escaping such as:

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C net.BlockList

Added in: v15.0.0, v14.18.0

The BlockList object can be used with some network APIs to specify rules for disabling inbound or outbound access to specific IP addresses, IP ranges, or IP subnets.

M blockList.addAddress(address[, type])

Added in: v15.0.0, v14.18.0

• address string | net.SocketAddress An IPv4 or IPv6 address.
• type string Either 'ipv4' or 'ipv6'. Default: 'ipv4'.

Adds a rule to block the given IP address.

M blockList.addRange(start, end[, type])

Added in: v15.0.0, v14.18.0

• start string | net.SocketAddress The starting IPv4 or IPv6 address in the range.
• end string | net.SocketAddress The ending IPv4 or IPv6 address in the range.
• type string Either 'ipv4' or 'ipv6'. Default: 'ipv4'.

Adds a rule to block a range of IP addresses from start (inclusive) to end (inclusive).

M blockList.addSubnet(net, prefix[, type])

Added in: v15.0.0, v14.18.0

• net string | net.SocketAddress The network IPv4 or IPv6 address.
• prefix number The number of CIDR prefix bits. For IPv4, this must be a value between 0 and 32. For IPv6, this must be between 0 and 128.
• type string Either 'ipv4' or 'ipv6'. Default: 'ipv4'.

Adds a rule to block a range of IP addresses specified as a subnet mask.

M blockList.check(address[, type])

Added in: v15.0.0, v14.18.0

• address string | net.SocketAddress The IP address to check
• type string Either 'ipv4' or 'ipv6'. Default: 'ipv4'.
• Returns: boolean

Returns true if the given IP address matches any of the rules added to the BlockList.

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M blockList.rules

Added in: v15.0.0, v14.18.0

• Type: string[]

The list of rules added to the blocklist.

C net.SocketAddress

Added in: v15.14.0, v14.18.0

M new net.SocketAddress([options])

Added in: v15.14.0, v14.18.0

• options Object
  • address string The network address as either an IPv4 or IPv6 string. Default: '127.0.0.1' if family is 'ipv4'; '::' if family is 'ipv6'.
  • family string One of either 'ipv4' or 'ipv6'. Default: 'ipv4'.
  • flowlabel number An IPv6 flow-label used only if family is 'ipv6'.
  • port number An IP port.

M socketaddress.address

Added in: v15.14.0, v14.18.0

• Type string

M socketaddress.family

Added in: v15.14.0, v14.18.0

• Type string Either 'ipv4' or 'ipv6'.

M socketaddress.flowlabel

Added in: v15.14.0, v14.18.0

• Type number

M socketaddress.port

Added in: v15.14.0, v14.18.0

• Type number

C net.Server

Added in: v0.1.90

• Extends: EventEmitter

This class is used to create a TCP or IPC server.

M new net.Server([options][, connectionListener])

• options Object See net.createServer([options][, connectionListener]).
• connectionListener Function Automatically set as a listener for the 'connection' event.
• Returns: net.Server

net.Server is an EventEmitter with the following events:

E 'close'

Added in: v0.5.0

Emitted when the server closes. If connections exist, this event is not emitted until all connections are ended.

E 'connection'

Added in: v0.1.90

• net.Socket The connection object

Emitted when a new connection is made. socket is an instance of net.Socket.

E 'error'

Added in: v0.1.90

• Error

Emitted when an error occurs. Unlike net.Socket, the 'close' event will not be emitted directly following this event unless server.close() is manually called. See the example in discussion of server.listen().

E 'listening'

Added in: v0.1.90

Emitted when the server has been bound after calling server.listen().

E 'drop'

Added in: v18.6.0, v16.17.0

When the number of connections reaches the threshold of server.maxConnections, the server will drop new connections and emit 'drop' event instead. If it is a TCP server, the argument is as follows, otherwise the argument is undefined.

• data Object The argument passed to event listener.
  • localAddress string Local address.
  • localPort number Local port.
  • localFamily string Local family.
  • remoteAddress string Remote address.
  • remotePort number Remote port.
  • remoteFamily string Remote IP family. 'IPv4' or 'IPv6'.

M server.address()

• Returns: Object | string | null

Returns the bound address, the address family name, and port of the server as reported by the operating system if listening on an IP socket (useful to find which port was assigned when getting an OS-assigned address): { port: 12346, family: 'IPv4', address: '127.0.0.1' }.

For a server listening on a pipe or Unix domain socket, the name is returned as a string.

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server.address() returns null before the 'listening' event has been emitted or after calling server.close().

M server.close([callback])

Added in: v0.1.90

• callback Function Called when the server is closed.
• Returns: net.Server

Stops the server from accepting new connections and keeps existing connections. This function is asynchronous, the server is finally closed when all connections are ended and the server emits a 'close' event. The optional callback will be called once the 'close' event occurs. Unlike that event, it will be called with an Error as its only argument if the server was not open when it was closed.

M server.getConnections(callback)

Added in: v0.9.7

• callback Function
• Returns: net.Server

Asynchronously get the number of concurrent connections on the server. Works when sockets were sent to forks.

Callback should take two arguments err and count.

M server.listen()

Start a server listening for connections. A net.Server can be a TCP or an IPC server depending on what it listens to.

Possible signatures:

• server.listen(handle[, backlog][, callback])
• server.listen(options[, callback])
• server.listen(path[, backlog][, callback]) for IPC servers
• server.listen([port[, host[, backlog]]][, callback]) for TCP servers

This function is asynchronous. When the server starts listening, the 'listening' event will be emitted. The last parameter callback will be added as a listener for the 'listening' event.

All listen() methods can take a backlog parameter to specify the maximum length of the queue of pending connections. The actual length will be determined by the OS through sysctl settings such as tcp_max_syn_backlog and somaxconn on Linux. The default value of this parameter is 511 (not 512).

All net.Socket are set to SO_REUSEADDR (see socket(7) for details).

The server.listen() method can be called again if and only if there was an error during the first server.listen() call or server.close() has been called. Otherwise, an ERR_SERVER_ALREADY_LISTEN error will be thrown.

One of the most common errors raised when listening is EADDRINUSE. This happens when another server is already listening on the requested port/path/handle. One way to handle this would be to retry after a certain amount of time:

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M server.listen(handle[, backlog][, callback])

Added in: v0.5.10

• handle Object
• backlog number Common parameter of server.listen() functions
• callback Function
• Returns: net.Server

Start a server listening for connections on a given handle that has already been bound to a port, a Unix domain socket, or a Windows named pipe.

The handle object can be either a server, a socket (anything with an underlying _handle member), or an object with an fd member that is a valid file descriptor.

Listening on a file descriptor is not supported on Windows.

M server.listen(options[, callback])

• options Object Required. Supports the following properties:
  • port number
  • host string
  • path string Will be ignored if port is specified. See Identifying paths for IPC connections.
  • backlog number Common parameter of server.listen() functions.
  • exclusive boolean Default: false
  • readableAll boolean For IPC servers makes the pipe readable for all users. Default: false.
  • writableAll boolean For IPC servers makes the pipe writable for all users. Default: false.
  • ipv6Only boolean For TCP servers, setting ipv6Only to true will disable dual-stack support, i.e., binding to host :: won't make 0.0.0.0 be bound. Default: false.
  • signal AbortSignal An AbortSignal that may be used to close a listening server.
• callback Function functions.
• Returns: net.Server

If port is specified, it behaves the same as server.listen([port[, host[, backlog]]][, callback]). Otherwise, if path is specified, it behaves the same as server.listen(path[, backlog][, callback]). If none of them is specified, an error will be thrown.

If exclusive is false (default), then cluster workers will use the same underlying handle, allowing connection handling duties to be shared. When exclusive is true, the handle is not shared, and attempted port sharing results in an error. An example which listens on an exclusive port is shown below.

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When exclusive is true and the underlying handle is shared, it is possible that several workers query a handle with different backlogs. In this case, the first backlog passed to the master process will be used.

Starting an IPC server as root may cause the server path to be inaccessible for unprivileged users. Using readableAll and writableAll will make the server accessible for all users.

If the signal option is enabled, calling .abort() on the corresponding AbortController is similar to calling .close() on the server:

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M server.listen(path[, backlog][, callback])

Added in: v0.1.90

• path string Path the server should listen to. See Identifying paths for IPC connections.
• backlog number Common parameter of server.listen() functions.
• callback Function.
• Returns: net.Server

Start an IPC server listening for connections on the given path.

M server.listen([port[, host[, backlog]]][, callback])

Added in: v0.1.90

• port number
• host string
• backlog number Common parameter of server.listen() functions.
• callback Function.
• Returns: net.Server

Start a TCP server listening for connections on the given port and host.

If port is omitted or is 0, the operating system will assign an arbitrary unused port, which can be retrieved by using server.address().port after the 'listening' event has been emitted.

If host is omitted, the server will accept connections on the unspecified IPv6 address (::) when IPv6 is available, or the unspecified IPv4 address (0.0.0.0) otherwise.

In most operating systems, listening to the unspecified IPv6 address (::) may cause the net.Server to also listen on the unspecified IPv4 address (0.0.0.0).

M server.listening

Added in: v5.7.0

• boolean Indicates whether or not the server is listening for connections.

M server.maxConnections

Added in: v0.2.0

• integer

Set this property to reject connections when the server's connection count gets high.

It is not recommended to use this option once a socket has been sent to a child with child_process.fork().

M server.ref()

Added in: v0.9.1

• Returns: net.Server

Opposite of unref(), calling ref() on a previously unrefed server will not let the program exit if it's the only server left (the default behavior). If the server is refed calling ref() again will have no effect.

M server.unref()

Added in: v0.9.1

• Returns: net.Server

Calling unref() on a server will allow the program to exit if this is the only active server in the event system. If the server is already unrefed calling unref() again will have no effect.

C net.Socket

Added in: v0.3.4

• Extends: stream.Duplex

This class is an abstraction of a TCP socket or a streaming IPC endpoint (uses named pipes on Windows, and Unix domain sockets otherwise). It is also an EventEmitter.

A net.Socket can be created by the user and used directly to interact with a server. For example, it is returned by net.createConnection(), so the user can use it to talk to the server.

It can also be created by Node.js and passed to the user when a connection is received. For example, it is passed to the listeners of a 'connection' event emitted on a net.Server, so the user can use it to interact with the client.

M new net.Socket([options])

• options Object Available options are:
  • fd number If specified, wrap around an existing socket with the given file descriptor, otherwise a new socket will be created.
  • allowHalfOpen boolean If set to false, then the socket will automatically end the writable side when the readable side ends. See net.createServer() and the 'end' event for details. Default:false.
  • readable boolean Allow reads on the socket when an fd is passed, otherwise ignored. Default: false.
  • writable boolean Allow writes on the socket when an fd is passed, otherwise ignored. Default: false.
  • signal AbortSignal An Abort signal that may be used to destroy the socket.
• Returns: net.Socket

Creates a new socket object.

The newly created socket can be either a TCP socket or a streaming IPC endpoint, depending on what it connect() to.

E 'close'

Added in: v0.1.90

• hadError boolean true if the socket had a transmission error.

Emitted once the socket is fully closed. The argument hadError is a boolean which says if the socket was closed due to a transmission error.

E 'connect'

Added in: v0.1.90

Emitted when a socket connection is successfully established. See net.createConnection().

E 'data'

Added in: v0.1.90

• Buffer | string

Emitted when data is received. The argument data will be a Buffer or String. Encoding of data is set by socket.setEncoding().

The data will be lost if there is no listener when a Socket emits a 'data' event.

E 'drain'

Added in: v0.1.90

Emitted when the write buffer becomes empty. Can be used to throttle uploads.

See also: the return values of socket.write().

E 'end'

Added in: v0.1.90

Emitted when the other end of the socket signals the end of transmission, thus ending the readable side of the socket.

By default (allowHalfOpen is false) the socket will send an end of transmission packet back and destroy its file descriptor once it has written out its pending write queue. However, if allowHalfOpen is set to true, the socket will not automatically end() its writable side, allowing the user to write arbitrary amounts of data. The user must call end() explicitly to close the connection (i.e. sending a FIN packet back).

E 'error'

Added in: v0.1.90

• Error

Emitted when an error occurs. The 'close' event will be called directly following this event.

E 'lookup'

Emitted after resolving the host name but before connecting. Not applicable to Unix sockets.

• err Error | null The error object. See dns.lookup().
• address string The IP address.
• family number | null The address type. See dns.lookup().
• host string The host name.

E 'ready'

Added in: v9.11.0

Emitted when a socket is ready to be used.

Triggered immediately after 'connect'.

E 'timeout'

Added in: v0.1.90

Emitted if the socket times out from inactivity. This is only to notify that the socket has been idle. The user must manually close the connection.

See also: socket.setTimeout().

M socket.address()

• Returns: Object

Returns the bound address, the address family name and port of the socket as reported by the operating system: { port: 12346, family: 'IPv4', address: '127.0.0.1' }

M socket.bufferSize

Deprecated in: v14.6.0

• integer

This property shows the number of characters buffered for writing. The buffer may contain strings whose length after encoding is not yet known. So this number is only an approximation of the number of bytes in the buffer.

net.Socket has the property that socket.write() always works. This is to help users get up and running quickly. The computer cannot always keep up with the amount of data that is written to a socket. The network connection simply might be too slow. Node.js will internally queue up the data written to a socket and send it out over the wire when it is possible.

The consequence of this internal buffering is that memory may grow. Users who experience large or growing bufferSize should attempt to "throttle" the data flows in their program with socket.pause() and socket.resume().

M socket.bytesRead

Added in: v0.5.3

• integer

The amount of received bytes.

M socket.bytesWritten

Added in: v0.5.3

• integer

The amount of bytes sent.

M socket.connect()

Initiate a connection on a given socket.

Possible signatures:

• socket.connect(options[, connectListener])
• socket.connect(path[, connectListener]) for IPC connections.
• socket.connect(port[, host][, connectListener]) for TCP connections.
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

This function is asynchronous. When the connection is established, the 'connect' event will be emitted. If there is a problem connecting, instead of a 'connect' event, an 'error' event will be emitted with the error passed to the 'error' listener. The last parameter connectListener, if supplied, will be added as a listener for the 'connect' event once.

This function should only be used for reconnecting a socket after 'close' has been emitted or otherwise it may lead to undefined behavior.

M socket.connect(options[, connectListener])

• options Object
• connectListener Function Common parameter of socket.connect() methods. Will be added as a listener for the 'connect' event once.
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Initiate a connection on a given socket. Normally this method is not needed, the socket should be created and opened with net.createConnection(). Use this only when implementing a custom Socket.

For TCP connections, available options are:

• port number Required. Port the socket should connect to.
• host string Host the socket should connect to. Default: 'localhost'.
• localAddress string Local address the socket should connect from.
• localPort number Local port the socket should connect from.
• family number: Version of IP stack. Must be 4, 6, or 0. The value 0 indicates that both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are allowed. Default: 0.
• hints number Optional dns.lookup() hints.
• lookup Function Custom lookup function. Default: dns.lookup().
• noDelay boolean If set to true, it disables the use of Nagle's algorithm immediately after the socket is established. Default: false.
• keepAlive boolean If set to true, it enables keep-alive functionality on the socket immediately after the connection is established, similarly on what is done in socket.setKeepAlive([enable][, initialDelay]). Default: false.
• keepAliveInitialDelay number If set to a positive number, it sets the initial delay before the first keepalive probe is sent on an idle socket.Default: 0.

For IPC connections, available options are:

• path string Required. Path the client should connect to. See Identifying paths for IPC connections. If provided, the TCP-specific options above are ignored.

For both types, available options include:

• onread Object If specified, incoming data is stored in a single buffer and passed to the supplied callback when data arrives on the socket. This will cause the streaming functionality to not provide any data. The socket will emit events like 'error', 'end', and 'close' as usual. Methods like pause() and resume() will also behave as expected.
  • buffer Buffer | Uint8Array | Function Either a reusable chunk of memory to use for storing incoming data or a function that returns such.
  • callback Function This function is called for every chunk of incoming data. Two arguments are passed to it: the number of bytes written to buffer and a reference to buffer. Return false from this function to implicitly pause() the socket. This function will be executed in the global context.

Following is an example of a client using the onread option:

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M socket.connect(path[, connectListener])

• path string Path the client should connect to. See Identifying paths for IPC connections.
• connectListener Function Common parameter of socket.connect() methods. Will be added as a listener for the 'connect' event once.
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Initiate an IPC connection on the given socket.

Alias to socket.connect(options[, connectListener]) called with { path: path } as options.

M socket.connect(port[, host][, connectListener])

Added in: v0.1.90

• port number Port the client should connect to.
• host string Host the client should connect to.
• connectListener Function Common parameter of socket.connect() methods. Will be added as a listener for the 'connect' event once.
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Initiate a TCP connection on the given socket.

Alias to socket.connect(options[, connectListener]) called with {port: port, host: host} as options.

M socket.connecting

Added in: v6.1.0

• boolean

If true, socket.connect(options[, connectListener]) was called and has not yet finished. It will stay true until the socket becomes connected, then it is set to false and the 'connect' event is emitted. Note that the socket.connect(options[, connectListener]) callback is a listener for the 'connect' event.

M socket.destroy([error])

Added in: v0.1.90

• error Object
• Returns: net.Socket

Ensures that no more I/O activity happens on this socket. Destroys the stream and closes the connection.

See writable.destroy() for further details.

M socket.destroyed

• boolean Indicates if the connection is destroyed or not. Once a connection is destroyed no further data can be transferred using it.

See writable.destroyed for further details.

M socket.end([data[, encoding]][, callback])

Added in: v0.1.90

• data string | Buffer | Uint8Array
• encoding string Only used when data is string. Default: 'utf8'.
• callback Function Optional callback for when the socket is finished.
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Half-closes the socket. i.e., it sends a FIN packet. It is possible the server will still send some data.

See writable.end() for further details.

M socket.localAddress

Added in: v0.9.6

• string

The string representation of the local IP address the remote client is connecting on. For example, in a server listening on '0.0.0.0', if a client connects on '192.168.1.1', the value of socket.localAddress would be '192.168.1.1'.

M socket.localPort

Added in: v0.9.6

• integer

The numeric representation of the local port. For example, 80 or 21.

M socket.localFamily

Added in: v18.8.0, v16.18.0

• string

The string representation of the local IP family. 'IPv4' or 'IPv6'.

M socket.pause()

• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Pauses the reading of data. That is, 'data' events will not be emitted. Useful to throttle back an upload.

M socket.pending

Added in: v11.2.0, v10.16.0

• boolean

This is true if the socket is not connected yet, either because .connect() has not yet been called or because it is still in the process of connecting (see socket.connecting).

M socket.ref()

Added in: v0.9.1

• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Opposite of unref(), calling ref() on a previously unrefed socket will not let the program exit if it's the only socket left (the default behavior). If the socket is refed calling ref again will have no effect.

M socket.remoteAddress

Added in: v0.5.10

• string

The string representation of the remote IP address. For example, '74.125.127.100' or '2001:4860:a005::68'. Value may be undefined if the socket is destroyed (for example, if the client disconnected).

M socket.remoteFamily

Added in: v0.11.14

• string

The string representation of the remote IP family. 'IPv4' or 'IPv6'.

M socket.remotePort

Added in: v0.5.10

• integer

The numeric representation of the remote port. For example, 80 or 21.

M socket.resetAndDestroy()

Added in: v18.3.0, v16.17.0

• Returns: net.Socket

Close the TCP connection by sending an RST packet and destroy the stream. If this TCP socket is in connecting status, it will send an RST packet and destroy this TCP socket once it is connected. Otherwise, it will call socket.destroy with an ERR_SOCKET_CLOSED Error. If this is not a TCP socket (for example, a pipe), calling this method will immediately throw an ERR_INVALID_HANDLE_TYPE Error.

M socket.resume()

• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Resumes reading after a call to socket.pause().

M socket.setEncoding([encoding])

Added in: v0.1.90

• encoding string
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Set the encoding for the socket as a Readable Stream. See readable.setEncoding() for more information.

M socket.setKeepAlive([enable][, initialDelay])

• enable boolean Default: false
• initialDelay number Default: 0
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Enable/disable keep-alive functionality, and optionally set the initial delay before the first keepalive probe is sent on an idle socket.

Set initialDelay (in milliseconds) to set the delay between the last data packet received and the first keepalive probe. Setting 0 for initialDelay will leave the value unchanged from the default (or previous) setting.

Enabling the keep-alive functionality will set the following socket options:

• SO_KEEPALIVE=1
• TCP_KEEPIDLE=initialDelay
• TCP_KEEPCNT=10
• TCP_KEEPINTVL=1

M socket.setNoDelay([noDelay])

Added in: v0.1.90

• noDelay boolean Default: true
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Enable/disable the use of Nagle's algorithm.

When a TCP connection is created, it will have Nagle's algorithm enabled.

Nagle's algorithm delays data before it is sent via the network. It attempts to optimize throughput at the expense of latency.

Passing true for noDelay or not passing an argument will disable Nagle's algorithm for the socket. Passing false for noDelay will enable Nagle's algorithm.

M socket.setTimeout(timeout[, callback])

• timeout number
• callback Function
• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Sets the socket to timeout after timeout milliseconds of inactivity on the socket. By default net.Socket do not have a timeout.

When an idle timeout is triggered the socket will receive a 'timeout' event but the connection will not be severed. The user must manually call socket.end() or socket.destroy() to end the connection.

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If timeout is 0, then the existing idle timeout is disabled.

The optional callback parameter will be added as a one-time listener for the 'timeout' event.

M socket.timeout

Added in: v10.7.0

• number | undefined

The socket timeout in milliseconds as set by socket.setTimeout(). It is undefined if a timeout has not been set.

M socket.unref()

Added in: v0.9.1

• Returns: net.Socket The socket itself.

Calling unref() on a socket will allow the program to exit if this is the only active socket in the event system. If the socket is already unrefed calling unref() again will have no effect.

M socket.write(data[, encoding][, callback])

Added in: v0.1.90

• data string | Buffer | Uint8Array
• encoding string Only used when data is string. Default: utf8.
• callback Function
• Returns: boolean

Sends data on the socket. The second parameter specifies the encoding in the case of a string. It defaults to UTF8 encoding.

Returns true if the entire data was flushed successfully to the kernel buffer. Returns false if all or part of the data was queued in user memory. 'drain' will be emitted when the buffer is again free.

The optional callback parameter will be executed when the data is finally written out, which may not be immediately.

See Writable stream write() method for more information.

M socket.readyState

Added in: v0.5.0

• string

This property represents the state of the connection as a string.

• If the stream is connecting socket.readyState is opening.
• If the stream is readable and writable, it is open.
• If the stream is readable and not writable, it is readOnly.
• If the stream is not readable and writable, it is writeOnly.

M net.connect()

Aliases to net.createConnection().

Possible signatures:

• net.connect(options[, connectListener])
• net.connect(path[, connectListener]) for IPC connections.
• net.connect(port[, host][, connectListener]) for TCP connections.

M net.connect(options[, connectListener])

Added in: v0.7.0

• options Object
• connectListener Function
• Returns: net.Socket

Alias to net.createConnection(options[, connectListener]).

M net.connect(path[, connectListener])

Added in: v0.1.90

• path string
• connectListener Function
• Returns: net.Socket

Alias to net.createConnection(path[, connectListener]).

M net.connect(port[, host][, connectListener])

Added in: v0.1.90

• port number
• host string
• connectListener Function
• Returns: net.Socket

Alias to net.createConnection(port[, host][, connectListener]).

M net.createConnection()

A factory function, which creates a new net.Socket, immediately initiates connection with socket.connect(), then returns the net.Socket that starts the connection.

When the connection is established, a 'connect' event will be emitted on the returned socket. The last parameter connectListener, if supplied, will be added as a listener for the 'connect' event once.

Possible signatures:

• net.createConnection(options[, connectListener])
• net.createConnection(path[, connectListener]) for IPC connections.
• net.createConnection(port[, host][, connectListener]) for TCP connections.

The net.connect() function is an alias to this function.

M net.createConnection(options[, connectListener])

Added in: v0.1.90

• options Object Required. Will be passed to both the new net.Socket([options]) call and the socket.connect(options[, connectListener]) method.
• connectListener Function Common parameter of the net.createConnection() functions. If supplied, will be added as a listener for the 'connect' event on the returned socket once.
• Returns: net.Socket The newly created socket used to start the connection.

For available options, see new net.Socket([options]) and socket.connect(options[, connectListener]).

Additional options:

• timeout number If set, will be used to call socket.setTimeout(timeout) after the socket is created, but before it starts the connection.

Following is an example of a client of the echo server described in the net.createServer() section:

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To connect on the socket /tmp/echo.sock:

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M net.createConnection(path[, connectListener])

Added in: v0.1.90

• path string Path the socket should connect to. Will be passed to socket.connect(path[, connectListener]). See Identifying paths for IPC connections.
• connectListener Function Common parameter of the net.createConnection() functions, an "once" listener for the 'connect' event on the initiating socket. Will be passed to socket.connect(path[, connectListener]).
• Returns: net.Socket The newly created socket used to start the connection.

Initiates an IPC connection.

This function creates a new net.Socket with all options set to default, immediately initiates connection with socket.connect(path[, connectListener]), then returns the net.Socket that starts the connection.

M net.createConnection(port[, host][, connectListener])

Added in: v0.1.90

• port number Port the socket should connect to. Will be passed to socket.connect(port[, host][, connectListener]).
• host string Host the socket should connect to. Will be passed to socket.connect(port[, host][, connectListener]). Default: 'localhost'.
• connectListener Function Common parameter of the net.createConnection() functions, an "once" listener for the 'connect' event on the initiating socket. Will be passed to socket.connect(port[, host][, connectListener]).
• Returns: net.Socket The newly created socket used to start the connection.

Initiates a TCP connection.

This function creates a new net.Socket with all options set to default, immediately initiates connection with socket.connect(port[, host][, connectListener]), then returns the net.Socket that starts the connection.

M net.createServer([options][, connectionListener])

• options Object

  • allowHalfOpen boolean If set to false, then the socket will automatically end the writable side when the readable side ends. Default: false.
  • pauseOnConnect boolean Indicates whether the socket should be paused on incoming connections. Default: false.
  • noDelay boolean If set to true, it disables the use of Nagle's algorithm immediately after a new incoming connection is received. Default: false.
  • keepAlive boolean If set to true, it enables keep-alive functionality on the socket immediately after a new incoming connection is received, similarly on what is done in socket.setKeepAlive([enable][, initialDelay]). Default: false.
  • keepAliveInitialDelay number If set to a positive number, it sets the initial delay before the first keepalive probe is sent on an idle socket.Default: 0.

• connectionListener Function Automatically set as a listener for the 'connection' event.

• Returns: net.Server

Creates a new TCP or IPC server.

If allowHalfOpen is set to true, when the other end of the socket signals the end of transmission, the server will only send back the end of transmission when socket.end() is explicitly called. For example, in the context of TCP, when a FIN packed is received, a FIN packed is sent back only when socket.end() is explicitly called. Until then the connection is half-closed (non-readable but still writable). See 'end' event and RFC 1122 (section 4.2.2.13) for more information.

If pauseOnConnect is set to true, then the socket associated with each incoming connection will be paused, and no data will be read from its handle. This allows connections to be passed between processes without any data being read by the original process. To begin reading data from a paused socket, call socket.resume().

The server can be a TCP server or an IPC server, depending on what it listen() to.

Here is an example of a TCP echo server which listens for connections on port 8124:

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Test this by using telnet:

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To listen on the socket /tmp/echo.sock:

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Use nc to connect to a Unix domain socket server:

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M net.isIP(input)

Added in: v0.3.0

• input string
• Returns: integer

Returns 6 if input is an IPv6 address. Returns 4 if input is an IPv4 address in dot-decimal notation with no leading zeroes. Otherwise, returns 0.

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M net.isIPv4(input)

Added in: v0.3.0

• input string
• Returns: boolean

Returns true if input is an IPv4 address in dot-decimal notation with no leading zeroes. Otherwise, returns false.

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M net.isIPv6(input)

Added in: v0.3.0

• input string
• Returns: boolean

Returns true if input is an IPv6 address. Otherwise, returns false.

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