HTTP/2

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

源代码： lib/http2.js

The node:http2 module provides an implementation of the HTTP/2 protocol. It can be accessed using:

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Determining if crypto support is unavailable

It is possible for Node.js to be built without including support for the node:crypto module. In such cases, attempting to import from node:http2 or calling require('node:http2') will result in an error being thrown.

When using CommonJS, the error thrown can be caught using try/catch:

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When using the lexical ESM import keyword, the error can only be caught if a handler for process.on('uncaughtException') is registered before any attempt to load the module is made (using, for instance, a preload module).

When using ESM, if there is a chance that the code may be run on a build of Node.js where crypto support is not enabled, consider using the import() function instead of the lexical import keyword:

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Core API

The Core API provides a low-level interface designed specifically around support for HTTP/2 protocol features. It is specifically not designed for compatibility with the existing HTTP/1 module API. However, the Compatibility API is.

The http2 Core API is much more symmetric between client and server than the http API. For instance, most events, like 'error', 'connect' and 'stream', can be emitted either by client-side code or server-side code.

Server-side example

The following illustrates a simple HTTP/2 server using the Core API. Since there are no browsers known that support unencrypted HTTP/2, the use of http2.createSecureServer() is necessary when communicating with browser clients.

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To generate the certificate and key for this example, run:

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Client-side example

The following illustrates an HTTP/2 client:

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C Http2Session

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: EventEmitter

Instances of the http2.Http2Session class represent an active communications session between an HTTP/2 client and server. Instances of this class are not intended to be constructed directly by user code.

Each Http2Session instance will exhibit slightly different behaviors depending on whether it is operating as a server or a client. The http2session.type property can be used to determine the mode in which an Http2Session is operating. On the server side, user code should rarely have occasion to work with the Http2Session object directly, with most actions typically taken through interactions with either the Http2Server or Http2Stream objects.

User code will not create Http2Session instances directly. Server-side Http2Session instances are created by the Http2Server instance when a new HTTP/2 connection is received. Client-side Http2Session instances are created using the http2.connect() method.

M Http2Session and sockets

Every Http2Session instance is associated with exactly one net.Socket or tls.TLSSocket when it is created. When either the Socket or the Http2Session are destroyed, both will be destroyed.

Because of the specific serialization and processing requirements imposed by the HTTP/2 protocol, it is not recommended for user code to read data from or write data to a Socket instance bound to a Http2Session. Doing so can put the HTTP/2 session into an indeterminate state causing the session and the socket to become unusable.

Once a Socket has been bound to an Http2Session, user code should rely solely on the API of the Http2Session.

E 'close'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'close' event is emitted once the Http2Session has been destroyed. Its listener does not expect any arguments.

E 'connect'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• session Http2Session
• socket net.Socket

The 'connect' event is emitted once the Http2Session has been successfully connected to the remote peer and communication may begin.

User code will typically not listen for this event directly.

E 'error'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• error Error

The 'error' event is emitted when an error occurs during the processing of an Http2Session.

E 'frameError'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• type integer The frame type.
• code integer The error code.
• id integer The stream id (or 0 if the frame isn't associated with a stream).

The 'frameError' event is emitted when an error occurs while attempting to send a frame on the session. If the frame that could not be sent is associated with a specific Http2Stream, an attempt to emit a 'frameError' event on the Http2Stream is made.

If the 'frameError' event is associated with a stream, the stream will be closed and destroyed immediately following the 'frameError' event. If the event is not associated with a stream, the Http2Session will be shut down immediately following the 'frameError' event.

E 'goaway'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• errorCode number The HTTP/2 error code specified in the GOAWAY frame.
• lastStreamID number The ID of the last stream the remote peer successfully processed (or 0 if no ID is specified).
• opaqueData Buffer If additional opaque data was included in the GOAWAY frame, a Buffer instance will be passed containing that data.

The 'goaway' event is emitted when a GOAWAY frame is received.

The Http2Session instance will be shut down automatically when the 'goaway' event is emitted.

E 'localSettings'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object} A copy of the SETTINGS frame received.

The 'localSettings' event is emitted when an acknowledgment SETTINGS frame has been received.

When using http2session.settings() to submit new settings, the modified settings do not take effect until the 'localSettings' event is emitted.

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E 'ping'

自 v10.12.0 版本开始新增

• payload Buffer The PING frame 8-byte payload

The 'ping' event is emitted whenever a PING frame is received from the connected peer.

E 'remoteSettings'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object} A copy of the SETTINGS frame received.

The 'remoteSettings' event is emitted when a new SETTINGS frame is received from the connected peer.

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E 'stream'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• stream Http2Stream A reference to the stream
• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object} An object describing the headers
• flags number The associated numeric flags
• rawHeaders Array An array containing the raw header names followed by their respective values.

The 'stream' event is emitted when a new Http2Stream is created.

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On the server side, user code will typically not listen for this event directly, and would instead register a handler for the 'stream' event emitted by the net.Server or tls.Server instances returned by http2.createServer() and http2.createSecureServer(), respectively, as in the example below:

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Even though HTTP/2 streams and network sockets are not in a 1:1 correspondence, a network error will destroy each individual stream and must be handled on the stream level, as shown above.

E 'timeout'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

After the http2session.setTimeout() method is used to set the timeout period for this Http2Session, the 'timeout' event is emitted if there is no activity on the Http2Session after the configured number of milliseconds. Its listener does not expect any arguments.

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M http2session.alpnProtocol

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• string | undefined

Value will be undefined if the Http2Session is not yet connected to a socket, h2c if the Http2Session is not connected to a TLSSocket, or will return the value of the connected TLSSocket's own alpnProtocol property.

M http2session.close([callback])

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• callback Function

Gracefully closes the Http2Session, allowing any existing streams to complete on their own and preventing new Http2Stream instances from being created. Once closed, http2session.destroy() might be called if there are no open Http2Stream instances.

If specified, the callback function is registered as a handler for the 'close' event.

M http2session.closed

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Will be true if this Http2Session instance has been closed, otherwise false.

M http2session.connecting

自 v10.0.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Will be true if this Http2Session instance is still connecting, will be set to false before emitting connect event and/or calling the http2.connect callback.

M http2session.destroy([error][, code])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• error Error An Error object if the Http2Session is being destroyed due to an error.
• code number The HTTP/2 error code to send in the final GOAWAY frame. If unspecified, and error is not undefined, the default is INTERNAL_ERROR, otherwise defaults to NO_ERROR.

Immediately terminates the Http2Session and the associated net.Socket or tls.TLSSocket.

Once destroyed, the Http2Session will emit the 'close' event. If error is not undefined, an 'error' event will be emitted immediately before the 'close' event.

If there are any remaining open Http2Streams associated with the Http2Session, those will also be destroyed.

M http2session.destroyed

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Will be true if this Http2Session instance has been destroyed and must no longer be used, otherwise false.

M http2session.encrypted

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean | undefined

Value is undefined if the Http2Session session socket has not yet been connected, true if the Http2Session is connected with a TLSSocket, and false if the Http2Session is connected to any other kind of socket or stream.

M http2session.goaway([code[, lastStreamID[, opaqueData]]])

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• code number An HTTP/2 error code
• lastStreamID number The numeric ID of the last processed Http2Stream
• opaqueData Buffer | TypedArray | DataView A TypedArray or DataView instance containing additional data to be carried within the GOAWAY frame.

Transmits a GOAWAY frame to the connected peer without shutting down the Http2Session.

M http2session.localSettings

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• {HTTP/2 Settings Object}

A prototype-less object describing the current local settings of this Http2Session. The local settings are local to this Http2Session instance.

M http2session.originSet

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• undefined

If the Http2Session is connected to a TLSSocket, the originSet property will return an Array of origins for which the Http2Session may be considered authoritative.

The originSet property is only available when using a secure TLS connection.

M http2session.pendingSettingsAck

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Indicates whether the Http2Session is currently waiting for acknowledgment of a sent SETTINGS frame. Will be true after calling the http2session.settings() method. Will be false once all sent SETTINGS frames have been acknowledged.

M http2session.ping([payload, ]callback)

• payload Buffer | TypedArray | DataView Optional ping payload.
• callback Function
• Returns: boolean

Sends a PING frame to the connected HTTP/2 peer. A callback function must be provided. The method will return true if the PING was sent, false otherwise.

The maximum number of outstanding (unacknowledged) pings is determined by the maxOutstandingPings configuration option. The default maximum is 10.

If provided, the payload must be a Buffer, TypedArray, or DataView containing 8 bytes of data that will be transmitted with the PING and returned with the ping acknowledgment.

The callback will be invoked with three arguments: an error argument that will be null if the PING was successfully acknowledged, a duration argument that reports the number of milliseconds elapsed since the ping was sent and the acknowledgment was received, and a Buffer containing the 8-byte PING payload.

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If the payload argument is not specified, the default payload will be the 64-bit timestamp (little endian) marking the start of the PING duration.

M http2session.ref()

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

Calls ref() on this Http2Session instance's underlying net.Socket.

M http2session.remoteSettings

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• {HTTP/2 Settings Object}

A prototype-less object describing the current remote settings of this Http2Session. The remote settings are set by the connected HTTP/2 peer.

M http2session.setLocalWindowSize(windowSize)

自 v15.3.0, v14.18.0 版本开始新增

• windowSize number

Sets the local endpoint's window size. The windowSize is the total window size to set, not the delta.

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M http2session.setTimeout(msecs, callback)

• msecs number
• callback Function

Used to set a callback function that is called when there is no activity on the Http2Session after msecs milliseconds. The given callback is registered as a listener on the 'timeout' event.

M http2session.socket

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• net.Socket | tls.TLSSocket

Returns a Proxy object that acts as a net.Socket (or tls.TLSSocket) but limits available methods to ones safe to use with HTTP/2.

destroy, emit, end, pause, read, resume, and write will throw an error with code ERR_HTTP2_NO_SOCKET_MANIPULATION. See Http2Session and Sockets for more information.

setTimeout method will be called on this Http2Session.

All other interactions will be routed directly to the socket.

M http2session.state

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Provides miscellaneous information about the current state of the Http2Session.

• Object
  • effectiveLocalWindowSize number The current local (receive) flow control window size for the Http2Session.
  • effectiveRecvDataLength number The current number of bytes that have been received since the last flow control WINDOW_UPDATE.
  • nextStreamID number The numeric identifier to be used the next time a new Http2Stream is created by this Http2Session.
  • localWindowSize number The number of bytes that the remote peer can send without receiving a WINDOW_UPDATE.
  • lastProcStreamID number The numeric id of the Http2Stream for which a HEADERS or DATA frame was most recently received.
  • remoteWindowSize number The number of bytes that this Http2Session may send without receiving a WINDOW_UPDATE.
  • outboundQueueSize number The number of frames currently within the outbound queue for this Http2Session.
  • deflateDynamicTableSize number The current size in bytes of the outbound header compression state table.
  • inflateDynamicTableSize number The current size in bytes of the inbound header compression state table.

An object describing the current status of this Http2Session.

M http2session.settings([settings][, callback])

• settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object}
• callback Function Callback that is called once the session is connected or right away if the session is already connected.
  • err Error | null
  • settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object} The updated settings object.
  • duration integer

Updates the current local settings for this Http2Session and sends a new SETTINGS frame to the connected HTTP/2 peer.

Once called, the http2session.pendingSettingsAck property will be true while the session is waiting for the remote peer to acknowledge the new settings.

The new settings will not become effective until the SETTINGS acknowledgment is received and the 'localSettings' event is emitted. It is possible to send multiple SETTINGS frames while acknowledgment is still pending.

M http2session.type

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• number

The http2session.type will be equal to http2.constants.NGHTTP2_SESSION_SERVER if this Http2Session instance is a server, and http2.constants.NGHTTP2_SESSION_CLIENT if the instance is a client.

M http2session.unref()

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

Calls unref() on this Http2Session instance's underlying net.Socket.

C ServerHttp2Session

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: Http2Session

M serverhttp2session.altsvc(alt, originOrStream)

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• alt string A description of the alternative service configuration as defined by RFC 7838.
• originOrStream number | string | URL | Object Either a URL string specifying the origin (or an Object with an origin property) or the numeric identifier of an active Http2Stream as given by the http2stream.id property.

Submits an ALTSVC frame (as defined by RFC 7838) to the connected client.

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Sending an ALTSVC frame with a specific stream ID indicates that the alternate service is associated with the origin of the given Http2Stream.

The alt and origin string must contain only ASCII bytes and are strictly interpreted as a sequence of ASCII bytes. The special value 'clear' may be passed to clear any previously set alternative service for a given domain.

When a string is passed for the originOrStream argument, it will be parsed as a URL and the origin will be derived. For instance, the origin for the HTTP URL 'https://example.org/foo/bar' is the ASCII string 'https://example.org'. An error will be thrown if either the given string cannot be parsed as a URL or if a valid origin cannot be derived.

A URL object, or any object with an origin property, may be passed as originOrStream, in which case the value of the origin property will be used. The value of the origin property must be a properly serialized ASCII origin.

Specifying alternative services

The format of the alt parameter is strictly defined by RFC 7838 as an ASCII string containing a comma-delimited list of "alternative" protocols associated with a specific host and port.

For example, the value 'h2="example.org:81"' indicates that the HTTP/2 protocol is available on the host 'example.org' on TCP/IP port 81. The host and port must be contained within the quote (") characters.

Multiple alternatives may be specified, for instance: 'h2="example.org:81", h2=":82"'.

The protocol identifier ('h2' in the examples) may be any valid ALPN Protocol ID.

The syntax of these values is not validated by the Node.js implementation and are passed through as provided by the user or received from the peer.

M serverhttp2session.origin(...origins)

自 v10.12.0 版本开始新增

• origins { string | URL | Object } One or more URL Strings passed as separate arguments.

Submits an ORIGIN frame (as defined by RFC 8336) to the connected client to advertise the set of origins for which the server is capable of providing authoritative responses.

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When a string is passed as an origin, it will be parsed as a URL and the origin will be derived. For instance, the origin for the HTTP URL 'https://example.org/foo/bar' is the ASCII string 'https://example.org'. An error will be thrown if either the given string cannot be parsed as a URL or if a valid origin cannot be derived.

A URL object, or any object with an origin property, may be passed as an origin, in which case the value of the origin property will be used. The value of the origin property must be a properly serialized ASCII origin.

Alternatively, the origins option may be used when creating a new HTTP/2 server using the http2.createSecureServer() method:

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C ClientHttp2Session

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: Http2Session

E 'altsvc'

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• alt string
• origin string
• streamId number

The 'altsvc' event is emitted whenever an ALTSVC frame is received by the client. The event is emitted with the ALTSVC value, origin, and stream ID. If no origin is provided in the ALTSVC frame, origin will be an empty string.

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E 'origin'

自 v10.12.0 版本开始新增

• origins string[]

The 'origin' event is emitted whenever an ORIGIN frame is received by the client. The event is emitted with an array of origin strings. The http2session.originSet will be updated to include the received origins.

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The 'origin' event is only emitted when using a secure TLS connection.

M clienthttp2session.request(headers[, options])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}

• options Object

  • endStream boolean true if the Http2Stream writable side should be closed initially, such as when sending a GET request that should not expect a payload body.
  • exclusive boolean When true and parent identifies a parent Stream, the created stream is made the sole direct dependency of the parent, with all other existing dependents made a dependent of the newly created stream. Default: false.
  • parent number Specifies the numeric identifier of a stream the newly created stream is dependent on.
  • weight number Specifies the relative dependency of a stream in relation to other streams with the same parent. The value is a number between 1 and 256 (inclusive).
  • waitForTrailers boolean When true, the Http2Stream will emit the 'wantTrailers' event after the final DATA frame has been sent.
  • signal AbortSignal An AbortSignal that may be used to abort an ongoing request.

• Returns: ClientHttp2Stream

For HTTP/2 Client Http2Session instances only, the http2session.request() creates and returns an Http2Stream instance that can be used to send an HTTP/2 request to the connected server.

When a ClientHttp2Session is first created, the socket may not yet be connected. if clienthttp2session.request() is called during this time, the actual request will be deferred until the socket is ready to go. If the session is closed before the actual request be executed, an ERR_HTTP2_GOAWAY_SESSION is thrown.

This method is only available if http2session.type is equal to http2.constants.NGHTTP2_SESSION_CLIENT.

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When the options.waitForTrailers option is set, the 'wantTrailers' event is emitted immediately after queuing the last chunk of payload data to be sent. The http2stream.sendTrailers() method can then be called to send trailing headers to the peer.

When options.waitForTrailers is set, the Http2Stream will not automatically close when the final DATA frame is transmitted. User code must call either http2stream.sendTrailers() or http2stream.close() to close the Http2Stream.

When options.signal is set with an AbortSignal and then abort on the corresponding AbortController is called, the request will emit an 'error' event with an AbortError error.

The :method and :path pseudo-headers are not specified within headers, they respectively default to:

• :method = 'GET'
• :path = /

C Http2Stream

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: stream.Duplex

Each instance of the Http2Stream class represents a bidirectional HTTP/2 communications stream over an Http2Session instance. Any single Http2Session may have up to 2³¹-1 Http2Stream instances over its lifetime.

User code will not construct Http2Stream instances directly. Rather, these are created, managed, and provided to user code through the Http2Session instance. On the server, Http2Stream instances are created either in response to an incoming HTTP request (and handed off to user code via the 'stream' event), or in response to a call to the http2stream.pushStream() method. On the client, Http2Stream instances are created and returned when either the http2session.request() method is called, or in response to an incoming 'push' event.

The Http2Stream class is a base for the ServerHttp2Stream and ClientHttp2Stream classes, each of which is used specifically by either the Server or Client side, respectively.

All Http2Stream instances are Duplex streams. The Writable side of the Duplex is used to send data to the connected peer, while the Readable side is used to receive data sent by the connected peer.

The default text character encoding for an Http2Stream is UTF-8. When using an Http2Stream to send text, use the 'content-type' header to set the character encoding.

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M Http2Stream Lifecycle

Creation

On the server side, instances of ServerHttp2Stream are created either when:

• A new HTTP/2 HEADERS frame with a previously unused stream ID is received;
• The http2stream.pushStream() method is called.

On the client side, instances of ClientHttp2Stream are created when the http2session.request() method is called.

On the client, the Http2Stream instance returned by http2session.request() may not be immediately ready for use if the parent Http2Session has not yet been fully established. In such cases, operations called on the Http2Stream will be buffered until the 'ready' event is emitted. User code should rarely, if ever, need to handle the 'ready' event directly. The ready status of an Http2Stream can be determined by checking the value of http2stream.id. If the value is undefined, the stream is not yet ready for use.

Destruction

All Http2Stream instances are destroyed either when:

• An RST_STREAM frame for the stream is received by the connected peer, and (for client streams only) pending data has been read.
• The http2stream.close() method is called, and (for client streams only) pending data has been read.
• The http2stream.destroy() or http2session.destroy() methods are called.

When an Http2Stream instance is destroyed, an attempt will be made to send an RST_STREAM frame to the connected peer.

When the Http2Stream instance is destroyed, the 'close' event will be emitted. Because Http2Stream is an instance of stream.Duplex, the 'end' event will also be emitted if the stream data is currently flowing. The 'error' event may also be emitted if http2stream.destroy() was called with an Error passed as the first argument.

After the Http2Stream has been destroyed, the http2stream.destroyed property will be true and the http2stream.rstCode property will specify the RST_STREAM error code. The Http2Stream instance is no longer usable once destroyed.

E 'aborted'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'aborted' event is emitted whenever a Http2Stream instance is abnormally aborted in mid-communication. Its listener does not expect any arguments.

The 'aborted' event will only be emitted if the Http2Stream writable side has not been ended.

E 'close'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'close' event is emitted when the Http2Stream is destroyed. Once this event is emitted, the Http2Stream instance is no longer usable.

The HTTP/2 error code used when closing the stream can be retrieved using the http2stream.rstCode property. If the code is any value other than NGHTTP2_NO_ERROR (0), an 'error' event will have also been emitted.

E 'error'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• error Error

The 'error' event is emitted when an error occurs during the processing of an Http2Stream.

E 'frameError'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• type integer The frame type.
• code integer The error code.
• id integer The stream id (or 0 if the frame isn't associated with a stream).

The 'frameError' event is emitted when an error occurs while attempting to send a frame. When invoked, the handler function will receive an integer argument identifying the frame type, and an integer argument identifying the error code. The Http2Stream instance will be destroyed immediately after the 'frameError' event is emitted.

E 'ready'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'ready' event is emitted when the Http2Stream has been opened, has been assigned an id, and can be used. The listener does not expect any arguments.

E 'timeout'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'timeout' event is emitted after no activity is received for this Http2Stream within the number of milliseconds set using http2stream.setTimeout(). Its listener does not expect any arguments.

E 'trailers'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object} An object describing the headers
• flags number The associated numeric flags

The 'trailers' event is emitted when a block of headers associated with trailing header fields is received. The listener callback is passed the HTTP/2 Headers Object and flags associated with the headers.

This event might not be emitted if http2stream.end() is called before trailers are received and the incoming data is not being read or listened for.

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E 'wantTrailers'

自 v10.0.0 版本开始新增

The 'wantTrailers' event is emitted when the Http2Stream has queued the final DATA frame to be sent on a frame and the Http2Stream is ready to send trailing headers. When initiating a request or response, the waitForTrailers option must be set for this event to be emitted.

M http2stream.aborted

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Set to true if the Http2Stream instance was aborted abnormally. When set, the 'aborted' event will have been emitted.

M http2stream.bufferSize

自 v11.2.0, v10.16.0 版本开始新增

• number

This property shows the number of characters currently buffered to be written. See net.Socket.bufferSize for details.

M http2stream.close(code[, callback])

• code number Unsigned 32-bit integer identifying the error code. Default: http2.constants.NGHTTP2_NO_ERROR (0x00).
• callback Function An optional function registered to listen for the 'close' event.

Closes the Http2Stream instance by sending an RST_STREAM frame to the connected HTTP/2 peer.

M http2stream.closed

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Set to true if the Http2Stream instance has been closed.

M http2stream.destroyed

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Set to true if the Http2Stream instance has been destroyed and is no longer usable.

M http2stream.endAfterHeaders

自 v10.11.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Set to true if the END_STREAM flag was set in the request or response HEADERS frame received, indicating that no additional data should be received and the readable side of the Http2Stream will be closed.

M http2stream.id

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• number | undefined

The numeric stream identifier of this Http2Stream instance. Set to undefined if the stream identifier has not yet been assigned.

M http2stream.pending

自 v9.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Set to true if the Http2Stream instance has not yet been assigned a numeric stream identifier.

M http2stream.priority(options)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• options Object
  • exclusive boolean When true and parent identifies a parent Stream, this stream is made the sole direct dependency of the parent, with all other existing dependents made a dependent of this stream. Default:false.
  • parent number Specifies the numeric identifier of a stream this stream is dependent on.
  • weight number Specifies the relative dependency of a stream in relation to other streams with the same parent. The value is a number between 1 and 256 (inclusive).
  • silent boolean When true, changes the priority locally without sending a PRIORITY frame to the connected peer.

Updates the priority for this Http2Stream instance.

M http2stream.rstCode

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• number

Set to the RST_STREAM error code reported when the Http2Stream is destroyed after either receiving an RST_STREAM frame from the connected peer, calling http2stream.close(), or http2stream.destroy(). Will be undefined if the Http2Stream has not been closed.

M http2stream.sentHeaders

自 v9.5.0 版本开始新增

• {HTTP/2 Headers Object}

An object containing the outbound headers sent for this Http2Stream.

M http2stream.sentInfoHeaders

自 v9.5.0 版本开始新增

• {HTTP/2 Headers Object[]}

An array of objects containing the outbound informational (additional) headers sent for this Http2Stream.

M http2stream.sentTrailers

自 v9.5.0 版本开始新增

• {HTTP/2 Headers Object}

An object containing the outbound trailers sent for this HttpStream.

M http2stream.session

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Http2Session

A reference to the Http2Session instance that owns this Http2Stream. The value will be undefined after the Http2Stream instance is destroyed.

M http2stream.setTimeout(msecs, callback)

• msecs number
• callback Function

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M http2stream.state

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Provides miscellaneous information about the current state of the Http2Stream.

• Object
  • localWindowSize number The number of bytes the connected peer may send for this Http2Stream without receiving a WINDOW_UPDATE.
  • state number A flag indicating the low-level current state of the Http2Stream as determined by nghttp2.
  • localClose number 1 if this Http2Stream has been closed locally.
  • remoteClose number 1 if this Http2Stream has been closed remotely.
  • sumDependencyWeight number The sum weight of all Http2Stream instances that depend on this Http2Stream as specified using PRIORITY frames.
  • weight number The priority weight of this Http2Stream.

A current state of this Http2Stream.

M http2stream.sendTrailers(headers)

自 v10.0.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}

Sends a trailing HEADERS frame to the connected HTTP/2 peer. This method will cause the Http2Stream to be immediately closed and must only be called after the 'wantTrailers' event has been emitted. When sending a request or sending a response, the options.waitForTrailers option must be set in order to keep the Http2Stream open after the final DATA frame so that trailers can be sent.

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The HTTP/1 specification forbids trailers from containing HTTP/2 pseudo-header fields (e.g. ':method', ':path', etc).

C ClientHttp2Stream

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends Http2Stream

The ClientHttp2Stream class is an extension of Http2Stream that is used exclusively on HTTP/2 Clients. Http2Stream instances on the client provide events such as 'response' and 'push' that are only relevant on the client.

E 'continue'

自 v8.5.0 版本开始新增

Emitted when the server sends a 100 Continue status, usually because the request contained Expect: 100-continue. This is an instruction that the client should send the request body.

E 'headers'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• flags number

The 'headers' event is emitted when an additional block of headers is received for a stream, such as when a block of 1xx informational headers is received. The listener callback is passed the HTTP/2 Headers Object and flags associated with the headers.

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E 'push'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• flags number

The 'push' event is emitted when response headers for a Server Push stream are received. The listener callback is passed the HTTP/2 Headers Object and flags associated with the headers.

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E 'response'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• flags number

The 'response' event is emitted when a response HEADERS frame has been received for this stream from the connected HTTP/2 server. The listener is invoked with two arguments: an Object containing the received HTTP/2 Headers Object, and flags associated with the headers.

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C ServerHttp2Stream

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: Http2Stream

The ServerHttp2Stream class is an extension of Http2Stream that is used exclusively on HTTP/2 Servers. Http2Stream instances on the server provide additional methods such as http2stream.pushStream() and http2stream.respond() that are only relevant on the server.

M http2stream.additionalHeaders(headers)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}

Sends an additional informational HEADERS frame to the connected HTTP/2 peer.

M http2stream.headersSent

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

True if headers were sent, false otherwise (read-only).

M http2stream.pushAllowed

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Read-only property mapped to the SETTINGS_ENABLE_PUSH flag of the remote client's most recent SETTINGS frame. Will be true if the remote peer accepts push streams, false otherwise. Settings are the same for every Http2Stream in the same Http2Session.

M http2stream.pushStream(headers[, options], callback)

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• options Object
  • exclusive boolean When true and parent identifies a parent Stream, the created stream is made the sole direct dependency of the parent, with all other existing dependents made a dependent of the newly created stream. Default: false.
  • parent number Specifies the numeric identifier of a stream the newly created stream is dependent on.
• callback Function Callback that is called once the push stream has been initiated.
  • err Error
  • pushStream ServerHttp2Stream The returned pushStream object.
  • headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object} Headers object the pushStream was initiated with.

Initiates a push stream. The callback is invoked with the new Http2Stream instance created for the push stream passed as the second argument, or an Error passed as the first argument.

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Setting the weight of a push stream is not allowed in the HEADERS frame. Pass a weight value to http2stream.priority with the silent option set to true to enable server-side bandwidth balancing between concurrent streams.

Calling http2stream.pushStream() from within a pushed stream is not permitted and will throw an error.

M http2stream.respond([headers[, options]])

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• options Object
  • endStream boolean Set to true to indicate that the response will not include payload data.
  • waitForTrailers boolean When true, the Http2Stream will emit the 'wantTrailers' event after the final DATA frame has been sent.

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Initiates a response. When the options.waitForTrailers option is set, the 'wantTrailers' event will be emitted immediately after queuing the last chunk of payload data to be sent. The http2stream.sendTrailers() method can then be used to sent trailing header fields to the peer.

When options.waitForTrailers is set, the Http2Stream will not automatically close when the final DATA frame is transmitted. User code must call either http2stream.sendTrailers() or http2stream.close() to close the Http2Stream.

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M http2stream.respondWithFD(fd[, headers[, options]])

• fd number | FileHandle A readable file descriptor.
• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• options Object
  • statCheck Function
  • waitForTrailers boolean When true, the Http2Stream will emit the 'wantTrailers' event after the final DATA frame has been sent.
  • offset number The offset position at which to begin reading.
  • length number The amount of data from the fd to send.

Initiates a response whose data is read from the given file descriptor. No validation is performed on the given file descriptor. If an error occurs while attempting to read data using the file descriptor, the Http2Stream will be closed using an RST_STREAM frame using the standard INTERNAL_ERROR code.

When used, the Http2Stream object's Duplex interface will be closed automatically.

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The optional options.statCheck function may be specified to give user code an opportunity to set additional content headers based on the fs.Stat details of the given fd. If the statCheck function is provided, the http2stream.respondWithFD() method will perform an fs.fstat() call to collect details on the provided file descriptor.

The offset and length options may be used to limit the response to a specific range subset. This can be used, for instance, to support HTTP Range requests.

The file descriptor or FileHandle is not closed when the stream is closed, so it will need to be closed manually once it is no longer needed. Using the same file descriptor concurrently for multiple streams is not supported and may result in data loss. Re-using a file descriptor after a stream has finished is supported.

When the options.waitForTrailers option is set, the 'wantTrailers' event will be emitted immediately after queuing the last chunk of payload data to be sent. The http2stream.sendTrailers() method can then be used to sent trailing header fields to the peer.

When options.waitForTrailers is set, the Http2Stream will not automatically close when the final DATA frame is transmitted. User code must call either http2stream.sendTrailers() or http2stream.close() to close the Http2Stream.

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M http2stream.respondWithFile(path[, headers[, options]])

• path string | Buffer | URL
• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object}
• options Object
  • statCheck Function
  • onError Function Callback function invoked in the case of an error before send.
  • waitForTrailers boolean When true, the Http2Stream will emit the 'wantTrailers' event after the final DATA frame has been sent.
  • offset number The offset position at which to begin reading.
  • length number The amount of data from the fd to send.

Sends a regular file as the response. The path must specify a regular file or an 'error' event will be emitted on the Http2Stream object.

When used, the Http2Stream object's Duplex interface will be closed automatically.

The optional options.statCheck function may be specified to give user code an opportunity to set additional content headers based on the fs.Stat details of the given file:

If an error occurs while attempting to read the file data, the Http2Stream will be closed using an RST_STREAM frame using the standard INTERNAL_ERROR code. If the onError callback is defined, then it will be called. Otherwise the stream will be destroyed.

Example using a file path:

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The options.statCheck function may also be used to cancel the send operation by returning false. For instance, a conditional request may check the stat results to determine if the file has been modified to return an appropriate 304 response:

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The content-length header field will be automatically set.

The offset and length options may be used to limit the response to a specific range subset. This can be used, for instance, to support HTTP Range requests.

The options.onError function may also be used to handle all the errors that could happen before the delivery of the file is initiated. The default behavior is to destroy the stream.

When the options.waitForTrailers option is set, the 'wantTrailers' event will be emitted immediately after queuing the last chunk of payload data to be sent. The http2stream.sendTrailers() method can then be used to sent trailing header fields to the peer.

When options.waitForTrailers is set, the Http2Stream will not automatically close when the final DATA frame is transmitted. User code must call either http2stream.sendTrailers() or http2stream.close() to close the Http2Stream.

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C Http2Server

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: net.Server

Instances of Http2Server are created using the http2.createServer() function. The Http2Server class is not exported directly by the node:http2 module.

E 'checkContinue'

自 v8.5.0 版本开始新增

• request http2.Http2ServerRequest
• response http2.Http2ServerResponse

If a 'request' listener is registered or http2.createServer() is supplied a callback function, the 'checkContinue' event is emitted each time a request with an HTTP Expect: 100-continue is received. If this event is not listened for, the server will automatically respond with a status 100 Continue as appropriate.

Handling this event involves calling response.writeContinue() if the client should continue to send the request body, or generating an appropriate HTTP response (e.g. 400 Bad Request) if the client should not continue to send the request body.

When this event is emitted and handled, the 'request' event will not be emitted.

E 'connection'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• socket stream.Duplex

This event is emitted when a new TCP stream is established. socket is typically an object of type net.Socket. Usually users will not want to access this event.

This event can also be explicitly emitted by users to inject connections into the HTTP server. In that case, any Duplex stream can be passed.

E 'request'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• request http2.Http2ServerRequest
• response http2.Http2ServerResponse

Emitted each time there is a request. There may be multiple requests per session. See the Compatibility API.

E 'session'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• session ServerHttp2Session

The 'session' event is emitted when a new Http2Session is created by the Http2Server.

E 'sessionError'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• error Error
• session ServerHttp2Session

The 'sessionError' event is emitted when an 'error' event is emitted by an Http2Session object associated with the Http2Server.

E 'stream'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• stream Http2Stream A reference to the stream
• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object} An object describing the headers
• flags number The associated numeric flags
• rawHeaders Array An array containing the raw header names followed by their respective values.

The 'stream' event is emitted when a 'stream' event has been emitted by an Http2Session associated with the server.

See also Http2Session's 'stream' event.

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E 'timeout'

The 'timeout' event is emitted when there is no activity on the Server for a given number of milliseconds set using http2server.setTimeout(). Default: 0 (no timeout)

M server.close([callback])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• callback Function

Stops the server from establishing new sessions. This does not prevent new request streams from being created due to the persistent nature of HTTP/2 sessions. To gracefully shut down the server, call http2session.close() on all active sessions.

If callback is provided, it is not invoked until all active sessions have been closed, although the server has already stopped allowing new sessions. See net.Server.close() for more details.

M server.setTimeout([msecs][, callback])

• msecs number Default: 0 (no timeout)
• callback Function
• Returns: Http2Server

Used to set the timeout value for http2 server requests, and sets a callback function that is called when there is no activity on the Http2Server after msecs milliseconds.

The given callback is registered as a listener on the 'timeout' event.

In case if callback is not a function, a new ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE error will be thrown.

M server.timeout

• number Timeout in milliseconds. Default: 0 (no timeout)

The number of milliseconds of inactivity before a socket is presumed to have timed out.

A value of 0 will disable the timeout behavior on incoming connections.

The socket timeout logic is set up on connection, so changing this value only affects new connections to the server, not any existing connections.

M server.updateSettings([settings])

自 v15.1.0, v14.17.0 版本开始新增

• settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object}

Used to update the server with the provided settings.

Throws ERR_HTTP2_INVALID_SETTING_VALUE for invalid settings values.

Throws ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE for invalid settings argument.

C Http2SecureServer

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: tls.Server

Instances of Http2SecureServer are created using the http2.createSecureServer() function. The Http2SecureServer class is not exported directly by the node:http2 module.

E 'checkContinue'

自 v8.5.0 版本开始新增

• request http2.Http2ServerRequest
• response http2.Http2ServerResponse

If a 'request' listener is registered or http2.createSecureServer() is supplied a callback function, the 'checkContinue' event is emitted each time a request with an HTTP Expect: 100-continue is received. If this event is not listened for, the server will automatically respond with a status 100 Continue as appropriate.

Handling this event involves calling response.writeContinue() if the client should continue to send the request body, or generating an appropriate HTTP response (e.g. 400 Bad Request) if the client should not continue to send the request body.

When this event is emitted and handled, the 'request' event will not be emitted.

E 'connection'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• socket stream.Duplex

This event is emitted when a new TCP stream is established, before the TLS handshake begins. socket is typically an object of type net.Socket. Usually users will not want to access this event.

This event can also be explicitly emitted by users to inject connections into the HTTP server. In that case, any Duplex stream can be passed.

E 'request'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• request http2.Http2ServerRequest
• response http2.Http2ServerResponse

Emitted each time there is a request. There may be multiple requests per session. See the Compatibility API.

E 'session'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• session ServerHttp2Session

The 'session' event is emitted when a new Http2Session is created by the Http2SecureServer.

E 'sessionError'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• error Error
• session ServerHttp2Session

The 'sessionError' event is emitted when an 'error' event is emitted by an Http2Session object associated with the Http2SecureServer.

E 'stream'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• stream Http2Stream A reference to the stream
• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object} An object describing the headers
• flags number The associated numeric flags
• rawHeaders Array An array containing the raw header names followed by their respective values.

The 'stream' event is emitted when a 'stream' event has been emitted by an Http2Session associated with the server.

See also Http2Session's 'stream' event.

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E 'timeout'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'timeout' event is emitted when there is no activity on the Server for a given number of milliseconds set using http2secureServer.setTimeout(). Default: 2 minutes.

E 'unknownProtocol'

• socket stream.Duplex

The 'unknownProtocol' event is emitted when a connecting client fails to negotiate an allowed protocol (i.e. HTTP/2 or HTTP/1.1). The event handler receives the socket for handling. If no listener is registered for this event, the connection is terminated. A timeout may be specified using the 'unknownProtocolTimeout' option passed to http2.createSecureServer().

In earlier versions of Node.js, this event would be emitted if allowHTTP1 is false and, during the TLS handshake, the client either does not send an ALPN extension or sends an ALPN extension that does not include HTTP/2 (h2). Newer versions of Node.js only emit this event if allowHTTP1 is false and the client does not send an ALPN extension. If the client sends an ALPN extension that does not include HTTP/2 (or HTTP/1.1 if allowHTTP1 is true), the TLS handshake will fail and no secure connection will be established.

See the Compatibility API.

M server.close([callback])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• callback Function

Stops the server from establishing new sessions. This does not prevent new request streams from being created due to the persistent nature of HTTP/2 sessions. To gracefully shut down the server, call http2session.close() on all active sessions.

If callback is provided, it is not invoked until all active sessions have been closed, although the server has already stopped allowing new sessions. See tls.Server.close() for more details.

M server.setTimeout([msecs][, callback])

• msecs number Default: 120000 (2 minutes)
• callback Function
• Returns: Http2SecureServer

Used to set the timeout value for http2 secure server requests, and sets a callback function that is called when there is no activity on the Http2SecureServer after msecs milliseconds.

The given callback is registered as a listener on the 'timeout' event.

In case if callback is not a function, a new ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE error will be thrown.

M server.timeout

• number Timeout in milliseconds. Default: 0 (no timeout)

The number of milliseconds of inactivity before a socket is presumed to have timed out.

A value of 0 will disable the timeout behavior on incoming connections.

The socket timeout logic is set up on connection, so changing this value only affects new connections to the server, not any existing connections.

M server.updateSettings([settings])

自 v15.1.0, v14.17.0 版本开始新增

• settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object}

Used to update the server with the provided settings.

Throws ERR_HTTP2_INVALID_SETTING_VALUE for invalid settings values.

Throws ERR_INVALID_ARG_TYPE for invalid settings argument.

M http2.createServer([options][, onRequestHandler])

• options Object
  • maxDeflateDynamicTableSize number Sets the maximum dynamic table size for deflating header fields. Default: 4Kib.
  • maxSettings number Sets the maximum number of settings entries per SETTINGS frame. The minimum value allowed is 1. Default: 32.
  • maxSessionMemorynumber Sets the maximum memory that the Http2Session is permitted to use. The value is expressed in terms of number of megabytes, e.g. 1 equal 1 megabyte. The minimum value allowed is 1. This is a credit based limit, existing Http2Streams may cause this limit to be exceeded, but new Http2Stream instances will be rejected while this limit is exceeded. The current number of Http2Stream sessions, the current memory use of the header compression tables, current data queued to be sent, and unacknowledged PING and SETTINGS frames are all counted towards the current limit. Default: 10.
  • maxHeaderListPairs number Sets the maximum number of header entries. This is similar to server.maxHeadersCount or request.maxHeadersCount in the node:http module. The minimum value is 4. Default: 128.
  • maxOutstandingPings number Sets the maximum number of outstanding, unacknowledged pings. Default: 10.
  • maxSendHeaderBlockLength number Sets the maximum allowed size for a serialized, compressed block of headers. Attempts to send headers that exceed this limit will result in a 'frameError' event being emitted and the stream being closed and destroyed. While this sets the maximum allowed size to the entire block of headers, nghttp2 (the internal http2 library) has a limit of 65536 for each decompressed key/value pair.
  • paddingStrategy number The strategy used for determining the amount of padding to use for HEADERS and DATA frames. Default:http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_NONE. Value may be one of:
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_NONE: No padding is applied.
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_MAX: The maximum amount of padding, determined by the internal implementation, is applied.
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_ALIGNED: Attempts to apply enough padding to ensure that the total frame length, including the 9-byte header, is a multiple of 8. For each frame, there is a maximum allowed number of padding bytes that is determined by current flow control state and settings. If this maximum is less than the calculated amount needed to ensure alignment, the maximum is used and the total frame length is not necessarily aligned at 8 bytes.
  • peerMaxConcurrentStreams number Sets the maximum number of concurrent streams for the remote peer as if a SETTINGS frame had been received. Will be overridden if the remote peer sets its own value for maxConcurrentStreams. Default: 100.
  • maxSessionInvalidFrames integer Sets the maximum number of invalid frames that will be tolerated before the session is closed. Default: 1000.
  • maxSessionRejectedStreams integer Sets the maximum number of rejected upon creation streams that will be tolerated before the session is closed. Each rejection is associated with an NGHTTP2_ENHANCE_YOUR_CALM error that should tell the peer to not open any more streams, continuing to open streams is therefore regarded as a sign of a misbehaving peer. Default: 100.
  • settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object} The initial settings to send to the remote peer upon connection.
  • Http1IncomingMessage http.IncomingMessage Specifies the IncomingMessage class to used for HTTP/1 fallback. Useful for extending the original http.IncomingMessage. Default: http.IncomingMessage.
  • Http1ServerResponse http.ServerResponse Specifies the ServerResponse class to used for HTTP/1 fallback. Useful for extending the original http.ServerResponse. Default: http.ServerResponse.
  • Http2ServerRequest http2.Http2ServerRequest Specifies the Http2ServerRequest class to use. Useful for extending the original Http2ServerRequest. Default: Http2ServerRequest.
  • Http2ServerResponse http2.Http2ServerResponse Specifies the Http2ServerResponse class to use. Useful for extending the original Http2ServerResponse. Default: Http2ServerResponse.
  • unknownProtocolTimeout number Specifies a timeout in milliseconds that a server should wait when an 'unknownProtocol' is emitted. If the socket has not been destroyed by that time the server will destroy it. Default: 10000.
  • ...: Any net.createServer() option can be provided.
• onRequestHandler Function See Compatibility API
• Returns: Http2Server

Returns a net.Server instance that creates and manages Http2Session instances.

Since there are no browsers known that support unencrypted HTTP/2, the use of http2.createSecureServer() is necessary when communicating with browser clients.

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M http2.createSecureServer(options[, onRequestHandler])

• options Object
  • allowHTTP1 boolean Incoming client connections that do not support HTTP/2 will be downgraded to HTTP/1.x when set to true. See the 'unknownProtocol' event. See ALPN negotiation. Default: false.
  • maxDeflateDynamicTableSize number Sets the maximum dynamic table size for deflating header fields. Default: 4Kib.
  • maxSettings number Sets the maximum number of settings entries per SETTINGS frame. The minimum value allowed is 1. Default: 32.
  • maxSessionMemorynumber Sets the maximum memory that the Http2Session is permitted to use. The value is expressed in terms of number of megabytes, e.g. 1 equal 1 megabyte. The minimum value allowed is 1. This is a credit based limit, existing Http2Streams may cause this limit to be exceeded, but new Http2Stream instances will be rejected while this limit is exceeded. The current number of Http2Stream sessions, the current memory use of the header compression tables, current data queued to be sent, and unacknowledged PING and SETTINGS frames are all counted towards the current limit. Default: 10.
  • maxHeaderListPairs number Sets the maximum number of header entries. This is similar to server.maxHeadersCount or request.maxHeadersCount in the node:http module. The minimum value is 4. Default: 128.
  • maxOutstandingPings number Sets the maximum number of outstanding, unacknowledged pings. Default: 10.
  • maxSendHeaderBlockLength number Sets the maximum allowed size for a serialized, compressed block of headers. Attempts to send headers that exceed this limit will result in a 'frameError' event being emitted and the stream being closed and destroyed.
  • paddingStrategy number Strategy used for determining the amount of padding to use for HEADERS and DATA frames. Default:http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_NONE. Value may be one of:
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_NONE: No padding is applied.
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_MAX: The maximum amount of padding, determined by the internal implementation, is applied.
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_ALIGNED: Attempts to apply enough padding to ensure that the total frame length, including the 9-byte header, is a multiple of 8. For each frame, there is a maximum allowed number of padding bytes that is determined by current flow control state and settings. If this maximum is less than the calculated amount needed to ensure alignment, the maximum is used and the total frame length is not necessarily aligned at 8 bytes.
  • peerMaxConcurrentStreams number Sets the maximum number of concurrent streams for the remote peer as if a SETTINGS frame had been received. Will be overridden if the remote peer sets its own value for maxConcurrentStreams. Default: 100.
  • maxSessionInvalidFrames integer Sets the maximum number of invalid frames that will be tolerated before the session is closed. Default: 1000.
  • maxSessionRejectedStreams integer Sets the maximum number of rejected upon creation streams that will be tolerated before the session is closed. Each rejection is associated with an NGHTTP2_ENHANCE_YOUR_CALM error that should tell the peer to not open any more streams, continuing to open streams is therefore regarded as a sign of a misbehaving peer. Default: 100.
  • settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object} The initial settings to send to the remote peer upon connection.
  • ...: Any tls.createServer() options can be provided. For servers, the identity options (pfx or key/cert) are usually required.
  • origins string[] An array of origin strings to send within an ORIGIN frame immediately following creation of a new server Http2Session.
  • unknownProtocolTimeout number Specifies a timeout in milliseconds that a server should wait when an 'unknownProtocol' event is emitted. If the socket has not been destroyed by that time the server will destroy it. Default: 10000.
• onRequestHandler Function See Compatibility API
• Returns: Http2SecureServer

Returns a tls.Server instance that creates and manages Http2Session instances.

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M http2.connect(authority[, options][, listener])

• authority string | URL The remote HTTP/2 server to connect to. This must be in the form of a minimal, valid URL with the http:// or https:// prefix, host name, and IP port (if a non-default port is used). Userinfo (user ID and password), path, querystring, and fragment details in the URL will be ignored.
• options Object
  • maxDeflateDynamicTableSize number Sets the maximum dynamic table size for deflating header fields. Default: 4Kib.
  • maxSettings number Sets the maximum number of settings entries per SETTINGS frame. The minimum value allowed is 1. Default: 32.
  • maxSessionMemorynumber Sets the maximum memory that the Http2Session is permitted to use. The value is expressed in terms of number of megabytes, e.g. 1 equal 1 megabyte. The minimum value allowed is 1. This is a credit based limit, existing Http2Streams may cause this limit to be exceeded, but new Http2Stream instances will be rejected while this limit is exceeded. The current number of Http2Stream sessions, the current memory use of the header compression tables, current data queued to be sent, and unacknowledged PING and SETTINGS frames are all counted towards the current limit. Default: 10.
  • maxHeaderListPairs number Sets the maximum number of header entries. This is similar to server.maxHeadersCount or request.maxHeadersCount in the node:http module. The minimum value is 1. Default: 128.
  • maxOutstandingPings number Sets the maximum number of outstanding, unacknowledged pings. Default: 10.
  • maxReservedRemoteStreams number Sets the maximum number of reserved push streams the client will accept at any given time. Once the current number of currently reserved push streams exceeds reaches this limit, new push streams sent by the server will be automatically rejected. The minimum allowed value is 0. The maximum allowed value is 2³²-1. A negative value sets this option to the maximum allowed value. Default: 200.
  • maxSendHeaderBlockLength number Sets the maximum allowed size for a serialized, compressed block of headers. Attempts to send headers that exceed this limit will result in a 'frameError' event being emitted and the stream being closed and destroyed.
  • paddingStrategy number Strategy used for determining the amount of padding to use for HEADERS and DATA frames. Default:http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_NONE. Value may be one of:
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_NONE: No padding is applied.
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_MAX: The maximum amount of padding, determined by the internal implementation, is applied.
    • http2.constants.PADDING_STRATEGY_ALIGNED: Attempts to apply enough padding to ensure that the total frame length, including the 9-byte header, is a multiple of 8. For each frame, there is a maximum allowed number of padding bytes that is determined by current flow control state and settings. If this maximum is less than the calculated amount needed to ensure alignment, the maximum is used and the total frame length is not necessarily aligned at 8 bytes.
  • peerMaxConcurrentStreams number Sets the maximum number of concurrent streams for the remote peer as if a SETTINGS frame had been received. Will be overridden if the remote peer sets its own value for maxConcurrentStreams. Default: 100.
  • protocol string The protocol to connect with, if not set in the authority. Value may be either 'http:' or 'https:'. Default:'https:'
  • settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object} The initial settings to send to the remote peer upon connection.
  • createConnection Function An optional callback that receives the URL instance passed to connect and the options object, and returns any Duplex stream that is to be used as the connection for this session.
  • ...: Any net.connect() or tls.connect() options can be provided.
  • unknownProtocolTimeout number Specifies a timeout in milliseconds that a server should wait when an 'unknownProtocol' event is emitted. If the socket has not been destroyed by that time the server will destroy it. Default: 10000.
• listener Function Will be registered as a one-time listener of the 'connect' event.
• Returns: ClientHttp2Session

Returns a ClientHttp2Session instance.

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M http2.constants

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Error codes for RST_STREAM and GOAWAY

The 'timeout' event is emitted when there is no activity on the Server for a given number of milliseconds set using http2server.setTimeout().

M http2.getDefaultSettings()

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Returns: {HTTP/2 Settings Object}

Returns an object containing the default settings for an Http2Session instance. This method returns a new object instance every time it is called so instances returned may be safely modified for use.

M http2.getPackedSettings([settings])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• settings {HTTP/2 Settings Object}
• Returns: Buffer

Returns a Buffer instance containing serialized representation of the given HTTP/2 settings as specified in the HTTP/2 specification. This is intended for use with the HTTP2-Settings header field.

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M http2.getUnpackedSettings(buf)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• buf Buffer | TypedArray The packed settings.
• Returns: {HTTP/2 Settings Object}

Returns a HTTP/2 Settings Object containing the deserialized settings from the given Buffer as generated by http2.getPackedSettings().

M http2.sensitiveHeaders

自 v15.0.0, v14.18.0 版本开始新增

• symbol

This symbol can be set as a property on the HTTP/2 headers object with an array value in order to provide a list of headers considered sensitive. See Sensitive headers for more details.

Headers object

Headers are represented as own-properties on JavaScript objects. The property keys will be serialized to lower-case. Property values should be strings (if they are not they will be coerced to strings) or an Array of strings (in order to send more than one value per header field).

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Header objects passed to callback functions will have a null prototype. This means that normal JavaScript object methods such as Object.prototype.toString() and Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty() will not work.

For incoming headers:

• The :status header is converted to number.
• Duplicates of :status, :method, :authority, :scheme, :path, :protocol, age, authorization, access-control-allow-credentials, access-control-max-age, access-control-request-method, content-encoding, content-language, content-length, content-location, content-md5, content-range, content-type, date, dnt, etag, expires, from, host, if-match, if-modified-since, if-none-match, if-range, if-unmodified-since, last-modified, location, max-forwards, proxy-authorization, range, referer,retry-after, tk, upgrade-insecure-requests, user-agent or x-content-type-options are discarded.
• set-cookie is always an array. Duplicates are added to the array.
• For duplicate cookie headers, the values are joined together with '; '.
• For all other headers, the values are joined together with ', '.

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Sensitive headers

HTTP2 headers can be marked as sensitive, which means that the HTTP/2 header compression algorithm will never index them. This can make sense for header values with low entropy and that may be considered valuable to an attacker, for example Cookie or Authorization. To achieve this, add the header name to the [http2.sensitiveHeaders] property as an array:

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For some headers, such as Authorization and short Cookie headers, this flag is set automatically.

This property is also set for received headers. It will contain the names of all headers marked as sensitive, including ones marked that way automatically.

Settings object

The http2.getDefaultSettings(), http2.getPackedSettings(), http2.createServer(), http2.createSecureServer(), http2session.settings(), http2session.localSettings, and http2session.remoteSettings APIs either return or receive as input an object that defines configuration settings for an Http2Session object. These objects are ordinary JavaScript objects containing the following properties.

• headerTableSize number Specifies the maximum number of bytes used for header compression. The minimum allowed value is 0. The maximum allowed value is 2³²-1. Default: 4096.
• enablePush boolean Specifies true if HTTP/2 Push Streams are to be permitted on the Http2Session instances. Default: true.
• initialWindowSize number Specifies the sender's initial window size in bytes for stream-level flow control. The minimum allowed value is 0. The maximum allowed value is 2³²-1. Default: 65535.
• maxFrameSize number Specifies the size in bytes of the largest frame payload. The minimum allowed value is 16,384. The maximum allowed value is 2²⁴-1. Default: 16384.
• maxConcurrentStreams number Specifies the maximum number of concurrent streams permitted on an Http2Session. There is no default value which implies, at least theoretically, 2³²-1 streams may be open concurrently at any given time in an Http2Session. The minimum value is 0. The maximum allowed value is 2³²-1. Default:4294967295.
• maxHeaderListSize number Specifies the maximum size (uncompressed octets) of header list that will be accepted. The minimum allowed value is 0. The maximum allowed value is 2³²-1. Default: 65535.
• maxHeaderSize number Alias for maxHeaderListSize.
• enableConnectProtocolboolean Specifies true if the "Extended Connect Protocol" defined by RFC 8441 is to be enabled. This setting is only meaningful if sent by the server. Once the enableConnectProtocol setting has been enabled for a given Http2Session, it cannot be disabled. Default: false.

All additional properties on the settings object are ignored.

Error handling

There are several types of error conditions that may arise when using the node:http2 module:

Validation errors occur when an incorrect argument, option, or setting value is passed in. These will always be reported by a synchronous throw.

State errors occur when an action is attempted at an incorrect time (for instance, attempting to send data on a stream after it has closed). These will be reported using either a synchronous throw or via an 'error' event on the Http2Stream, Http2Session or HTTP/2 Server objects, depending on where and when the error occurs.

Internal errors occur when an HTTP/2 session fails unexpectedly. These will be reported via an 'error' event on the Http2Session or HTTP/2 Server objects.

Protocol errors occur when various HTTP/2 protocol constraints are violated. These will be reported using either a synchronous throw or via an 'error' event on the Http2Stream, Http2Session or HTTP/2 Server objects, depending on where and when the error occurs.

Invalid character handling in header names and values

The HTTP/2 implementation applies stricter handling of invalid characters in HTTP header names and values than the HTTP/1 implementation.

Header field names are case-insensitive and are transmitted over the wire strictly as lower-case strings. The API provided by Node.js allows header names to be set as mixed-case strings (e.g. Content-Type) but will convert those to lower-case (e.g. content-type) upon transmission.

Header field-names must only contain one or more of the following ASCII characters: a-z, A-Z, 0-9, !, #, $, %, &, ', *, +, -, ., ^, _, ` (backtick), |, and ~.

Using invalid characters within an HTTP header field name will cause the stream to be closed with a protocol error being reported.

Header field values are handled with more leniency but should not contain new-line or carriage return characters and should be limited to US-ASCII characters, per the requirements of the HTTP specification.

Push streams on the client

To receive pushed streams on the client, set a listener for the 'stream' event on the ClientHttp2Session:

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Supporting the CONNECT method

The CONNECT method is used to allow an HTTP/2 server to be used as a proxy for TCP/IP connections.

A simple TCP Server:

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An HTTP/2 CONNECT proxy:

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An HTTP/2 CONNECT client:

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The extended CONNECT protocol

RFC 8441 defines an "Extended CONNECT Protocol" extension to HTTP/2 that may be used to bootstrap the use of an Http2Stream using the CONNECT method as a tunnel for other communication protocols (such as WebSockets).

The use of the Extended CONNECT Protocol is enabled by HTTP/2 servers by using the enableConnectProtocol setting:

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Once the client receives the SETTINGS frame from the server indicating that the extended CONNECT may be used, it may send CONNECT requests that use the ':protocol' HTTP/2 pseudo-header:

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Compatibility API

The Compatibility API has the goal of providing a similar developer experience of HTTP/1 when using HTTP/2, making it possible to develop applications that support both HTTP/1 and HTTP/2. This API targets only the public API of the HTTP/1. However many modules use internal methods or state, and those are not supported as it is a completely different implementation.

The following example creates an HTTP/2 server using the compatibility API:

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In order to create a mixed HTTPS and HTTP/2 server, refer to the ALPN negotiation section. Upgrading from non-tls HTTP/1 servers is not supported.

The HTTP/2 compatibility API is composed of Http2ServerRequest and Http2ServerResponse. They aim at API compatibility with HTTP/1, but they do not hide the differences between the protocols. As an example, the status message for HTTP codes is ignored.

ALPN negotiation

ALPN negotiation allows supporting both HTTPS and HTTP/2 over the same socket. The req and res objects can be either HTTP/1 or HTTP/2, and an application must restrict itself to the public API of HTTP/1, and detect if it is possible to use the more advanced features of HTTP/2.

The following example creates a server that supports both protocols:

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The 'request' event works identically on both HTTPS and HTTP/2.

C http2.Http2ServerRequest

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: stream.Readable

A Http2ServerRequest object is created by http2.Server or http2.SecureServer and passed as the first argument to the 'request' event. It may be used to access a request status, headers, and data.

E 'aborted'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

The 'aborted' event is emitted whenever a Http2ServerRequest instance is abnormally aborted in mid-communication.

The 'aborted' event will only be emitted if the Http2ServerRequest writable side has not been ended.

E 'close'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Indicates that the underlying Http2Stream was closed. Just like 'end', this event occurs only once per response.

M request.aborted

自 v10.1.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

The request.aborted property will be true if the request has been aborted.

M request.authority

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string

The request authority pseudo header field. Because HTTP/2 allows requests to set either :authority or host, this value is derived from req.headers[':authority'] if present. Otherwise, it is derived from req.headers['host'].

M request.complete

自 v12.10.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

The request.complete property will be true if the request has been completed, aborted, or destroyed.

M request.connection

自 v13.0.0 版本开始弃用

• net.Socket | tls.TLSSocket

See request.socket.

M request.destroy([error])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• error Error

Calls destroy() on the Http2Stream that received the Http2ServerRequest. If error is provided, an 'error' event is emitted and error is passed as an argument to any listeners on the event.

It does nothing if the stream was already destroyed.

M request.headers

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Object

The request/response headers object.

Key-value pairs of header names and values. Header names are lower-cased.

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See HTTP/2 Headers Object.

In HTTP/2, the request path, host name, protocol, and method are represented as special headers prefixed with the : character (e.g. ':path'). These special headers will be included in the request.headers object. Care must be taken not to inadvertently modify these special headers or errors may occur. For instance, removing all headers from the request will cause errors to occur:

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M request.httpVersion

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string

In case of server request, the HTTP version sent by the client. In the case of client response, the HTTP version of the connected-to server. Returns '2.0'.

Also message.httpVersionMajor is the first integer and message.httpVersionMinor is the second.

M request.method

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string

The request method as a string. Read-only. Examples: 'GET', 'DELETE'.

M request.rawHeaders

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string[]

The raw request/response headers list exactly as they were received.

The keys and values are in the same list. It is not a list of tuples. So, the even-numbered offsets are key values, and the odd-numbered offsets are the associated values.

Header names are not lowercased, and duplicates are not merged.

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M request.rawTrailers

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string[]

The raw request/response trailer keys and values exactly as they were received. Only populated at the 'end' event.

M request.scheme

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string

The request scheme pseudo header field indicating the scheme portion of the target URL.

M request.setTimeout(msecs, callback)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• msecs number
• callback Function
• Returns: http2.Http2ServerRequest

Sets the Http2Stream's timeout value to msecs. If a callback is provided, then it is added as a listener on the 'timeout' event on the response object.

If no 'timeout' listener is added to the request, the response, or the server, then Http2Streams are destroyed when they time out. If a handler is assigned to the request, the response, or the server's 'timeout' events, timed out sockets must be handled explicitly.

M request.socket

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• net.Socket | tls.TLSSocket

Returns a Proxy object that acts as a net.Socket (or tls.TLSSocket) but applies getters, setters, and methods based on HTTP/2 logic.

destroyed, readable, and writable properties will be retrieved from and set on request.stream.

destroy, emit, end, on and once methods will be called on request.stream.

setTimeout method will be called on request.stream.session.

pause, read, resume, and write will throw an error with code ERR_HTTP2_NO_SOCKET_MANIPULATION. See Http2Session and Sockets for more information.

All other interactions will be routed directly to the socket. With TLS support, use request.socket.getPeerCertificate() to obtain the client's authentication details.

M request.stream

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Http2Stream

The Http2Stream object backing the request.

M request.trailers

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Object

The request/response trailers object. Only populated at the 'end' event.

M request.url

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string

Request URL string. This contains only the URL that is present in the actual HTTP request. If the request is:

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Then request.url will be:

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To parse the url into its parts, new URL() can be used:

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C http2.Http2ServerResponse

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Extends: Stream

This object is created internally by an HTTP server, not by the user. It is passed as the second parameter to the 'request' event.

E 'close'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Indicates that the underlying Http2Stream was terminated before response.end() was called or able to flush.

E 'finish'

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Emitted when the response has been sent. More specifically, this event is emitted when the last segment of the response headers and body have been handed off to the HTTP/2 multiplexing for transmission over the network. It does not imply that the client has received anything yet.

After this event, no more events will be emitted on the response object.

M response.addTrailers(headers)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• headers Object

This method adds HTTP trailing headers (a header but at the end of the message) to the response.

Attempting to set a header field name or value that contains invalid characters will result in a TypeError being thrown.

M response.connection

自 v13.0.0 版本开始弃用

• net.Socket | tls.TLSSocket

See response.socket.

M response.createPushResponse(headers, callback)

• headers {HTTP/2 Headers Object} An object describing the headers
• callback Function Called once http2stream.pushStream() is finished, or either when the attempt to create the pushed Http2Stream has failed or has been rejected, or the state of Http2ServerRequest is closed prior to calling the http2stream.pushStream() method
  • err Error
  • res http2.Http2ServerResponse The newly-created Http2ServerResponse object

Call http2stream.pushStream() with the given headers, and wrap the given Http2Stream on a newly created Http2ServerResponse as the callback parameter if successful. When Http2ServerRequest is closed, the callback is called with an error ERR_HTTP2_INVALID_STREAM.

M response.end([data[, encoding]][, callback])

• data string | Buffer | Uint8Array
• encoding string
• callback Function
• Returns: this

This method signals to the server that all of the response headers and body have been sent; that server should consider this message complete. The method, response.end(), MUST be called on each response.

If data is specified, it is equivalent to calling response.write(data, encoding) followed by response.end(callback).

If callback is specified, it will be called when the response stream is finished.

M response.finished

自 v13.4.0, v12.16.0 版本开始弃用

• boolean

Boolean value that indicates whether the response has completed. Starts as false. After response.end() executes, the value will be true.

M response.getHeader(name)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• name string
• Returns: string

Reads out a header that has already been queued but not sent to the client. The name is case-insensitive.

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M response.getHeaderNames()

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Returns: string[]

Returns an array containing the unique names of the current outgoing headers. All header names are lowercase.

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M response.getHeaders()

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Returns: Object

Returns a shallow copy of the current outgoing headers. Since a shallow copy is used, array values may be mutated without additional calls to various header-related http module methods. The keys of the returned object are the header names and the values are the respective header values. All header names are lowercase.

The object returned by the response.getHeaders() method does not prototypically inherit from the JavaScript Object. This means that typical Object methods such as obj.toString(), obj.hasOwnProperty(), and others are not defined and will not work.

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M response.hasHeader(name)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• name string
• Returns: boolean

Returns true if the header identified by name is currently set in the outgoing headers. The header name matching is case-insensitive.

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M response.headersSent

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

True if headers were sent, false otherwise (read-only).

M response.removeHeader(name)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• name string

Removes a header that has been queued for implicit sending.

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M response.req

自 v15.7.0 版本开始新增

• http2.Http2ServerRequest

A reference to the original HTTP2 request object.

M response.sendDate

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

When true, the Date header will be automatically generated and sent in the response if it is not already present in the headers. Defaults to true.

This should only be disabled for testing; HTTP requires the Date header in responses.

M response.setHeader(name, value)

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• name string
• value string

Sets a single header value for implicit headers. If this header already exists in the to-be-sent headers, its value will be replaced. Use an array of strings here to send multiple headers with the same name.

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or

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Attempting to set a header field name or value that contains invalid characters will result in a TypeError being thrown.

When headers have been set with response.setHeader(), they will be merged with any headers passed to response.writeHead(), with the headers passed to response.writeHead() given precedence.

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M response.setTimeout(msecs[, callback])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• msecs number
• callback Function
• Returns: http2.Http2ServerResponse

Sets the Http2Stream's timeout value to msecs. If a callback is provided, then it is added as a listener on the 'timeout' event on the response object.

If no 'timeout' listener is added to the request, the response, or the server, then Http2Streams are destroyed when they time out. If a handler is assigned to the request, the response, or the server's 'timeout' events, timed out sockets must be handled explicitly.

M response.socket

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• net.Socket | tls.TLSSocket

Returns a Proxy object that acts as a net.Socket (or tls.TLSSocket) but applies getters, setters, and methods based on HTTP/2 logic.

destroyed, readable, and writable properties will be retrieved from and set on response.stream.

destroy, emit, end, on and once methods will be called on response.stream.

setTimeout method will be called on response.stream.session.

pause, read, resume, and write will throw an error with code ERR_HTTP2_NO_SOCKET_MANIPULATION. See Http2Session and Sockets for more information.

All other interactions will be routed directly to the socket.

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M response.statusCode

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• number

When using implicit headers (not calling response.writeHead() explicitly), this property controls the status code that will be sent to the client when the headers get flushed.

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After response header was sent to the client, this property indicates the status code which was sent out.

M response.statusMessage

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• string

Status message is not supported by HTTP/2 (RFC 7540 8.1.2.4). It returns an empty string.

M response.stream

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• Http2Stream

The Http2Stream object backing the response.

M response.writableEnded

自 v12.9.0 版本开始新增

• boolean

Is true after response.end() has been called. This property does not indicate whether the data has been flushed, for this use writable.writableFinished instead.

M response.write(chunk[, encoding][, callback])

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

• chunk string | Buffer | Uint8Array
• encoding string
• callback Function
• Returns: boolean

If this method is called and response.writeHead() has not been called, it will switch to implicit header mode and flush the implicit headers.

This sends a chunk of the response body. This method may be called multiple times to provide successive parts of the body.

In the node:http module, the response body is omitted when the request is a HEAD request. Similarly, the 204 and 304 responses must not include a message body.

chunk can be a string or a buffer. If chunk is a string, the second parameter specifies how to encode it into a byte stream. By default the encoding is 'utf8'. callback will be called when this chunk of data is flushed.

This is the raw HTTP body and has nothing to do with higher-level multi-part body encodings that may be used.

The first time response.write() is called, it will send the buffered header information and the first chunk of the body to the client. The second time response.write() is called, Node.js assumes data will be streamed, and sends the new data separately. That is, the response is buffered up to the first chunk of the body.

Returns true if the entire data was flushed successfully to the kernel buffer. Returns false if all or part of the data was queued in user memory. 'drain' will be emitted when the buffer is free again.

M response.writeContinue()

自 v8.4.0 版本开始新增

Sends a status 100 Continue to the client, indicating that the request body should be sent. See the 'checkContinue' event on Http2Server and Http2SecureServer.

M response.writeEarlyHints(hints)

自 v18.11.0 版本开始新增

• hints Object

Sends a status 103 Early Hints to the client with a Link header, indicating that the user agent can preload/preconnect the linked resources. The hints is an object containing the values of headers to be sent with early hints message.

Example

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M response.writeHead(statusCode[, statusMessage][, headers])

• statusCode number
• statusMessage string
• headers Object | Array
• Returns: http2.Http2ServerResponse

Sends a response header to the request. The status code is a 3-digit HTTP status code, like 404. The last argument, headers, are the response headers.

Returns a reference to the Http2ServerResponse, so that calls can be chained.

For compatibility with HTTP/1, a human-readable statusMessage may be passed as the second argument. However, because the statusMessage has no meaning within HTTP/2, the argument will have no effect and a process warning will be emitted.

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Content-Length is given in bytes not characters. The Buffer.byteLength() API may be used to determine the number of bytes in a given encoding. On outbound messages, Node.js does not check if Content-Length and the length of the body being transmitted are equal or not. However, when receiving messages, Node.js will automatically reject messages when the Content-Length does not match the actual payload size.

This method may be called at most one time on a message before response.end() is called.

If response.write() or response.end() are called before calling this, the implicit/mutable headers will be calculated and call this function.

When headers have been set with response.setHeader(), they will be merged with any headers passed to response.writeHead(), with the headers passed to response.writeHead() given precedence.

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Attempting to set a header field name or value that contains invalid characters will result in a TypeError being thrown.

Collecting HTTP/2 performance metrics

The Performance Observer API can be used to collect basic performance metrics for each Http2Session and Http2Stream instance.

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The entryType property of the PerformanceEntry will be equal to 'http2'.

The name property of the PerformanceEntry will be equal to either 'Http2Stream' or 'Http2Session'.

If name is equal to Http2Stream, the PerformanceEntry will contain the following additional properties:

• bytesRead number The number of DATA frame bytes received for this Http2Stream.
• bytesWritten number The number of DATA frame bytes sent for this Http2Stream.
• id number The identifier of the associated Http2Stream
• timeToFirstByte number The number of milliseconds elapsed between the PerformanceEntry startTime and the reception of the first DATA frame.
• timeToFirstByteSent number The number of milliseconds elapsed between the PerformanceEntry startTime and sending of the first DATA frame.
• timeToFirstHeader number The number of milliseconds elapsed between the PerformanceEntry startTime and the reception of the first header.

If name is equal to Http2Session, the PerformanceEntry will contain the following additional properties:

• bytesRead number The number of bytes received for this Http2Session.
• bytesWritten number The number of bytes sent for this Http2Session.
• framesReceived number The number of HTTP/2 frames received by the Http2Session.
• framesSent number The number of HTTP/2 frames sent by the Http2Session.
• maxConcurrentStreams number The maximum number of streams concurrently open during the lifetime of the Http2Session.
• pingRTT number The number of milliseconds elapsed since the transmission of a PING frame and the reception of its acknowledgment. Only present if a PING frame has been sent on the Http2Session.
• streamAverageDuration number The average duration (in milliseconds) for all Http2Stream instances.
• streamCount number The number of Http2Stream instances processed by the Http2Session.
• type string Either 'server' or 'client' to identify the type of Http2Session.

Note on :authority and host

HTTP/2 requires requests to have either the :authority pseudo-header or the host header. Prefer :authority when constructing an HTTP/2 request directly, and host when converting from HTTP/1 (in proxies, for instance).

The compatibility API falls back to host if :authority is not present. See request.authority for more information. However, if you don't use the compatibility API (or use req.headers directly), you need to implement any fall-back behavior yourself.